Accelerate the Development of New MAT/MAR Approaches

Introductory Paragraph

The role of medications in helping people with Substance Use Disorders is significant. It is logical to think that all the potential options of Medication-Assisted Treatments (MAT) have not yet been discovered and researched. Rather than just limit our thinking to those that have been discovered and researched, a comprehensive strategy should include efforts to expand innovation and research to add new MAT options to the toolkit for helping people.

FDA is updating the standards and guidelines to speed the development of new practices to the market.

Key Information

The Value of MAT (or Opioid-Agonist Treatment) International addiction experts consider initial opioid-agonist treatment, or OAT, with no duration restrictions, the evidence-based standard of care for opioid-use disorder, the authors write online November 20, 2018, in Annals of Internal Medicine. In California, where more people have been diagnosed with opioid disorder than in any other U.S. state, publicly funded treatment programs require patients to “fail” - twice - at a three-week course of medically supervised withdrawal before they become eligible for OAT. Policymakers likely maintained this medically managed withdrawal requirement under the belief it was saving money. The study demonstrates, however, that the policy creates significantly greater long-term costs for criminal justice and healthcare systems. The study concludes OAT would have saved as much as $850 million over five years, not including savings to the criminal justice system, and more than $2 billion, including the cost of arrests and prosecutions. Over 10 years, the total savings would rise to $2.87 billion. “In order to see overdose deaths come down, we need to make sure people who have opioid addiction are able to access effective treatment more easily than they can access heroin, fentanyl or pain pills."

Use of MAT for opioid dependence relies on prescription drugs, including buprenorphine, methadone and naltrexone, to stabilize brain chemistry; reduce or block the euphoric effects of opioids; relieve physiological cravings; and normalize body functions. Regular adherence to MAT with buprenorphine helps patients gain control over their use of opioids, without causing the cycle of highs and lows, intoxication and withdrawal associated with opioid misuse or abuse.

In 2018 the Food and Drug Administration issued new recommendations to support further development of medications for medication-assisted treatments. The goal of the new guidelines is to bring to the forefront new medications for individual patient needs on the recovery journey.

Relevant Research

In this section, please capture any recent findings, reports, or data on the topic. Please also highlight any gaps or existing disparities. Please include references and links to the information so that we may add a footnote for the reader to find further information. Do we have any available research about discriminatory practices? Is there information about the value of access to educational opportunities?

Impactful Federal, State, and Local Policies

Please list any federal, state, or local laws, policies, or regulations that support this topic or ones that could be a possible barrier. Are there laws or policies other states should know about and replicate for success?

Available Tools and Resources

Opioid Use Disorder: Endpoints for Demonstrating Effectiveness of Drugs for Treatment Guidance for Industry

Promising Practices

The Sinclair Method

The Sinclair Method has shown significant success in helping people achieve long-lasting success over alcoholism. This approach focuses on retraining the brain to reduce or eliminate the cravings that people have by having them take Naltrexone before drinking so their brain learns that alcohol no longer provides the effect it previously did, and the cravings dissipate. The Sinclair Method has been very effective in helping people recover from alcoholism (with claims up 80% success rates), and it is the standard approach to treating alcoholism in Finland. More information is needed on whether this approach has been shown to be effective in helping people with Opioid Use Disorder (OUD). The 3-C Foundation provides resources on this approach for dealing with alcoholism.

One topic that needs research but could be very powerful is to use an approach similar to the Sinclair Method that seems to have a high track record of success to help break people's cravings for opioid drugs. Here are some articles on the Sinclair Method as a way to treat alcohol addiction.

Universities

Specific universities and colleges have centers and professors that focus on research in the area of addiction and treatment

University of Michigan Addiction Center (UMAC)

University of Virginia: Center of Leading Edge Addiction Research

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