Difference between revisions of "Reduce Non-Medical Access to Prescription Drugs"
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'''Succesful Strategies''' | '''Succesful Strategies''' | ||
''' | There are four primary successful strategies for communities to consider. The four strategies are conducive for implementation in conjunction with each other, but are covered separately below: | ||
*'''Campaigns''' - An information campaign enables a variety of sectors in the community to collaborate. For example, an awareness campaign could engage law enforcement in a drug take-backs and in hosting drop-off locations that are advanced by the campaign and that, in turn, promote the overall campaign. Health department staff could disseminate information and schools could provide an avenue for reaching parents and for providing the location of take-back events. Pharmacies and of the businesses could be engaged in sponsoring the campaign. A few models of national campaigns are provided in the “Promising Practices” section below. | |||
*'''Proper Disposal''' — In addition to take-backs and promotion of drop-off locations, there are medication neutralization kits that are available. These provide an appealing way to engage people to take action in a one-off event that increases their readiness to take more routine medication safety actions. | |||
*'''Safe Storage''' — Increasing awareness about the importance of safe storage often goes hand-in-hand with providing members of the community with free or affordable storage options. A variety of vendors associated with both safe storage and disposal products are listed in the “Available Tools and Resources”section below. | |||
*'''Education'''— Families are generally more receptive to tips for medication safety than they might be for information about other forms of prevention. While any of the statistics above can be used in education campaigns, some basic ideas can get people thinking about their own practices in a new way. For example, most people have not considered that it makes sense to keep a medication log or an inventory of all their medication types and amounts. Updating this inventory every six to twelve months keeps medication safety in their awareness.<ref>http://www.youthconnectionscoalition.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/safe_storage.pdf</ref> Likewise, people are ready to recall that the medicine cabinet in a bathroom is often not the best place to store prescriptions, since they should be stored in a cool, dry place. Humidity, heat, and the change in temperatures in the bathroom can alter the potency of some medications, and some storage devices can help protect medications from humidity, even if they are stored in bathrooms.<ref>http://www.youthconnectionscoalition.org/content/reduce-rx-abuse-2/the-proper-storage-of-prescription-drugs/</ref> This is a good lead-in to building a desire to obtain a lock-box. | |||
= Relevant Research = | = Relevant Research = | ||
Revision as of 15:57, 29 April 2023
Introductory Paragraph
It is essential that people who have prescription medications in their homes store them safely. When people begin to misuse prescription drugs, they often acquire them by stealing them from family, relatives, friends or from homes that they enter for other reasons (work, open houses, breaking and entering). If prescription drugs are safely stored, misuse can be stopped earlier, because people who have not yet developed a dependence on opioids usually do not go directly to illegal opioids like heroin or fentanyl. Prescription drugs that are not safely stored can also be accidentally taken by young children or by curious pre-teens.
Key Information
Safe storage of prescription drugs within the home has been identified as key priority strategy by many organizations and coalitions.[1] Even if a community does an excellent job of reducing prescriptions and taking back or disposing of unused opioids, there will still be a lot of opioids in communities. Thirty-two percent of American adults received a prescription for opioids in the two years preceding 2018[2]In 2019, 22.1% of U.S. adults with chronic pain used a prescription opioid in the past 3 months. [3] Many others are legitimately being prescribed opioids for short-term pain management that can be misused, stolen or accidentally consumed by children.
Failure to securely store prescription drugs contributes to the opioid epidemic and other health hazards in several ways.
1. Easy access to prescription drugs can lead to initial experimentation, especially by teens.
2. Stealing prescription drugs, which is much easier when they are commonly available in unlocked medicine cabinets, is often a step toward more destructive misuse.
3. Easy access to unsecured opioids or other prescription drugs contributes to theft by people who sell them or give them away.
4. Children who access unsecured drugs sometimes take them, thinking they are candy.
Staggering Statistics
- Only 2 in 10 who have dangerous medications—such as opioid pain pills, stimulants used to treat ADHD, and sedatives—lock them up Nearly 70% of prescription opioid medications kept in homes with children are not stored safely[4].
- A recent study of adults living in households with children, prescription opioids were stored in a locked or latched place in only 32.6% of households with young children and 11.7% with older children.[5]
- More than 1,600 teens begin abusing prescription drugs each day.[6]
- 1 in every 4 teens in America say they have misused or abused a prescription drug at least once.[7]
- 60,000 kids under the age of 5 accidentally ingest these dangerous drugs every year and wind up in emergency rooms, according to data from the CDC[8]
- 12-17 year old abuse prescription drugs more than ecstasy, heroin, crack/cocaine and methamphetamines combined.
- In one study, only 8.6% of the respondents reported locking up their opioid medication and only 20.9% reported using a latched location.[9]
- The National Drug Intelligence Center reported that $184 million in prescription drug thefts occurred in 2010 — a 350 percent increase since 2007. They note that older people are especially vulnerable to theft of prescription drugs. They also indicate that over half of teens, ages 12 and up, obtained prescription drugs from a friend or family member "for free."[10]
Succesful Strategies
There are four primary successful strategies for communities to consider. The four strategies are conducive for implementation in conjunction with each other, but are covered separately below:
- Campaigns - An information campaign enables a variety of sectors in the community to collaborate. For example, an awareness campaign could engage law enforcement in a drug take-backs and in hosting drop-off locations that are advanced by the campaign and that, in turn, promote the overall campaign. Health department staff could disseminate information and schools could provide an avenue for reaching parents and for providing the location of take-back events. Pharmacies and of the businesses could be engaged in sponsoring the campaign. A few models of national campaigns are provided in the “Promising Practices” section below.
- Proper Disposal — In addition to take-backs and promotion of drop-off locations, there are medication neutralization kits that are available. These provide an appealing way to engage people to take action in a one-off event that increases their readiness to take more routine medication safety actions.
- Safe Storage — Increasing awareness about the importance of safe storage often goes hand-in-hand with providing members of the community with free or affordable storage options. A variety of vendors associated with both safe storage and disposal products are listed in the “Available Tools and Resources”section below.
- Education— Families are generally more receptive to tips for medication safety than they might be for information about other forms of prevention. While any of the statistics above can be used in education campaigns, some basic ideas can get people thinking about their own practices in a new way. For example, most people have not considered that it makes sense to keep a medication log or an inventory of all their medication types and amounts. Updating this inventory every six to twelve months keeps medication safety in their awareness.[11] Likewise, people are ready to recall that the medicine cabinet in a bathroom is often not the best place to store prescriptions, since they should be stored in a cool, dry place. Humidity, heat, and the change in temperatures in the bathroom can alter the potency of some medications, and some storage devices can help protect medications from humidity, even if they are stored in bathrooms.[12] This is a good lead-in to building a desire to obtain a lock-box.
Relevant Research
Case Study of Successful Coalition Campaign with TimerCaps- South Kingston Program for Prevention and Rebels Inspiring Positive Lifestyles joined forces to raise funds to send youth leaders to CADCA training. The coalition held community awareness events and garnered local news publicity for their cause.[13]
Safe Medicine Storage: A look at the disconnect between parent knowledge and behavior[14]
Impactful Federal, State, and Local Policies
SAFE Solutions is an ever-growing platform. Currently limited information is readily available for this section. SAFE Project is dedicated to providing communities with the most relevant and innovative materials. We will continue to regularly monitor and make updates accordingly with community input and subject matter expert collaboration. Please check back soon.
Available Tools and Resources
Environmental Strategies to Prevent the Non-Medical Use of Prescription Drugs[15]
Self-Funding Program for Safe Storage Caps (TimerCaps)
A local coalition, hospital, insurance company or non-profit can sponsor a program to distribute TimerCaps to people using prescription drugs. Sponsors have their logo imprinted on the cap and the label and can give them away at community events or via partners like pharmacists, community groups for seniors, or the prescribing doctors.
Safe Storage Products
Below are list of products that can either be distributed within your community or advertised by community coalitions for families to purchase.
TimerCaps
TimerCap has a built-in LCD stopwatch timer. Like a stopwatch, the display on the cap counts-up, first the seconds, then minutes and hours since the cap was replaced. Timer caps come in different sizes, and they can replace an existing medicine bottle cap (or you can get a cap and bottle combination). Using a TimerCap helps accomplish all six principles of prescription abuse prevention. TimerCaps are easy to use and don't require a change in patient behavior.
Improve Patient Safety
Provide the PEACE OF MIND of knowing they did or did not take their medication.
Help seniors avoid accidental overdoses and emergency room visits due to accidentally taking medications multiple times.
Easily know how long it has been since taking medication (to check before driving)
Tracker form to help monitor their intake and pain levels or other information
Deter Theft of Pills
Easily detect unwanted openings to the exact minute it happened
Deters kids or neighbors from sneaking a few pills--as they would be caught by the new time
Solution to measure, monitor, manage, detect and deter opioids abuse.
Economical Enough to Give Away at Events or by Partners
TimerCaps[16] are a low-cost option for improving safe storage (as low as $2.49 each), so they are economical as a give-away at educational events, or they can be given to people by community partners. Since the TimerCap lids and labels can be customized with a logo or other branding information, sponsors who make donations to fund the program receive valuable recognition for their support.
Locking Storage Devices
Ikeyp[17] The world's first smart storage device for personal items that need to be securely stored yet regularly accessed. See website for a comprehensive list of uses and products.
Lockable Caps
Safer Lock-Safer Lock is a patented 4-digit combination locking cap. This could be purchased by communities at wholesale prices and distributed to community members at lower prices.
- Safer Lock
- Safer Lock Box
- Safer Lock Multi-Packs & Cases
- Book Safe
Changing Drug Packaging
Packaging opioid drugs in blister packs , or in single-dose packages, instead of having an entire bottle filled with prescription pills have been shown to help prevent accident poisonings in children[18]
One vendor of Single-dose packets is Pack4U. They provide a sophisticated, personalized option that allows pharmacies to deliver higher value to patients needing any prescriptions, including opioids.
Promising Practices
SafeHomes Coalition[19] helps communities start programs to raise awareness of the proper use, storage and disposal of prescription drugs. (They can help your community start a chapter.) This SafeHomes PSA provides more information.
Up and Away Campaign[20]
This campaign is designed to remind families about the importance of safe medicine storage.
Launching Community-wide Collaborative Campaigns[21]
Drug Disposal and Safe Storage Campaign
Many communities have done some education and awareness efforts to increase prescription drug disposal and safe storage, but there is potential to reach significantly more people by engaging a diverse group of cross-sector partners in a campaign.
Coalitions in Action: South Kingstown Partnership for Prevention Launches Med Safety Campaign[22]
Up and Away Campaign- Put your medicines up and away out of sight[23]
The National Action Plan for Adverse Drug Event Prevention- (ADE Action Plan) identifies common, preventable, and measurable adverse drug events and aligns the efforts of Federal health agencies to reduce patient harms from these ADEs nationwide.[24]
Protect logo -The PROTECT Initiative is an innovative collaboration led by CDC. PROTECT unites public health agencies, private sector companies, professional organizations, consumer/patient advocates, and academic experts to keep children safe from unintended medication overdoses. [25]
Sources
- ↑ https://end-overdose-epidemic.org/task-force-recommendations/
- ↑ https://www.norc.org/NewsEventsPublications/PressReleases/Pages/one-third-of-americans-have-received-an-opioid-prescription-in-the-past-two-years.aspx#:~:text=Nearly%20one%20in%20five%20adults,the%20prescription%20at%20least%20once.
- ↑ https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhsr/nhsr162-508.pdf
- ↑ https://www.jhsph.edu/news/news-releases/2017/majority-of-opioid-medications-not-safely-stored-in-home-with-children-survey-finds.html
- ↑ https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/139/3/e20162161
- ↑ https://www.ridgefieldrecovery.com/drugs/prescription-drugs/related/commonly-abused-prescription-drugs/
- ↑ https://drugfree.org/newsroom/news-item/national-study-teen-misuse-and-abuse-of-prescription-drugs-up-33-percent-since-2008-stimulants-contributing-to-sustained-rx-epidemic/
- ↑ http://www.consumerreports.org/drugs/best-ways-to-protect-kids-accidental-drug-poisoning-/
- ↑ Kennedy-Hendricks A, et al. “Medication sharing, storage and disposal practices for opioid medications among US adults.” JAMA Intern Med 2016; 176:1027-29.
- ↑ https://www.nnw.org/publication/medication-theft-protecting-our-most-vulnerable-neighbors
- ↑ http://www.youthconnectionscoalition.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/safe_storage.pdf
- ↑ http://www.youthconnectionscoalition.org/content/reduce-rx-abuse-2/the-proper-storage-of-prescription-drugs/
- ↑ https://www.cadca.org/resources/coalitions-action-south-kingstown-partnership-prevention-launches-med-safety-campaign
- ↑ https://www.safekids.org/node/25758
- ↑ https://preventionsolutions.edc.org/services/resources/environmental-strategies-prevent-non-medical-use-prescription-drugs
- ↑ https://www.timercap.com/
- ↑ https://www.ikeyp.com/
- ↑ 1. http://www.livescience.com/58351-kids-opioids-ingestion.html
- ↑ https://makeitasafehome.org/
- ↑ https://www.cdc.gov/medicationsafety/protect/campaign.html
- ↑ https://www.cdc.gov/medicationsafety/campaign_initiatives.html
- ↑ https://www.cadca.org/resources/coalitions-action-south-kingstown-partnership-prevention-launches-med-safety-campaign
- ↑ https://www.cdc.gov/medicationsafety/protect/campaign.html
- ↑ https://health.gov/our-work/national-health-initiatives/health-care-quality/adverse-drug-events
- ↑ https://www.cdc.gov/medicationsafety/protect/protect_initiative.html