Improve Recovery Housing

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For those seeking recovery housing, finding safe, affordable, and supportive housing options can be difficult. There are many types of housing in different settings and different levels of care. Supportive Housing for people in recovery can range from peer-run homes to licensed treatment programs. It is important for individuals and communities to ensure recovery housing options are reputable and have the best interests of their residents in mind. Recovery housing is an individual choice based on what their needs are.

Key Information

According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), “recovery houses are safe, healthy, family-like substance-free living environments that support individuals in recovery from addiction. While recovery residences vary widely in structure, all are centered on peer support and a connection to services that promote long-term recovery. Substance-free does not prohibit prescribed medications taken as directed by a licensed prescriber.”

Types of Recovery Home Certifications & Credentials

NARR The National Alliance for Recovery Residences (NARR) is a 501-c3 nonprofit organization dedicated to expanding the availability of well-operated, ethical, and supportive recovery housing. NARR offers recovery homes a suite of certifications.

Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities (CARF) CARF is an independent, non-profit accreditor providing accreditation services worldwide at the request of health and human service providers. CARF accreditation demonstrates a provider's commitment to enhance its performance, manage its risk, and distinguish its service delivery.

Oxford House Oxford Houses are self-run and publicly supported. A 501(c)3 corporation serves as an umbrella organization connecting networked Oxford Houses and allocating resources to duplicate their model.

Independently Owned and Operated Homes Recovery homes may be independently owned and operated as a small business outside of an existing credentialing network offering flexibility and ease of admission. These homes are often peer-led, allowing the residents to provide mutual support to one another and become financially self-sufficient. Although independently owned recovery houses do not provide on-site licensed professional services, they often have resources and relationships with local recovery support professionals. Even though independently owned recovery homes do not hold a license or formal certification, they conform to local zoning and building safety codes for residential occupancy.

Note: States may have independent certification or credentialing requirements. Please check the recovery residence certification guidelines within your own state for more information.

Relevant Research

According to research conducted by The National Council for Behavioral Health, recovery housing provides individuals opportunities to obtain and maintain long-term recovery.

Benefits of living in recovery housing include:

● Reduced risk of relapse/recurrence

● Lower rates of incarceration and recidivism

● Higher-income

● Increased employment

● Improved family relationships

● Overall higher recovery capital

What First Responders in Portland Are Doing

In Portland, first responders can direct people to recovery housing. Recovery housing offers peer-to-peer support, employment training and assistance, and an extended safe place to build their foundation of recovery.

COVID-19 and Recovery Housing

Individuals residing in recovery housing are at a higher risk of contracting COVID-19 due to the group living environment. The National Alliance for Recovery Residences (NARR) has adopted the Center for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines and has applied them to recovery home settings. Other houses that are licensed through the state follow strict health and safety guidelines. Recovery homes that are licensed have less oversight. “Recovery homes use a social model approach to recovery that contrasts with mitigation procedures such as social distancing and stay-at-home orders.” The article titled “Understanding challenges for recovery homes during COVID-19” discusses the different ways recovery homes have had to alter their model and structure.

Impactful Federal, State, and Local Policies

The National Council for Behavioral Health and the National Council developed suggested policies for recovery housing nationwide to adopt and implement. These suggestions can be found in the recovery housing toolkit titled “Building Recovery State Policy Guide for Supporting Recovery Housing”. Alan Johnson, Florida Chief Assistant to the State Attorney states in the guide, “We recommend that states be given the ability to require certification under NARR (National Alliance for Recovery Residences) or similar standards, or other recognized programs such as Oxford House™ to protect the vulnerable residents living in sober homes.” For more information, visit “Building Recovery State Policy Guide for Supporting Recovery Housing” toolkit.

Important Ways to Expand and Assure Quality of Recovery Housing In an effort to improve and expand recovery housing, Congress directed SAMSHA to collaborate with stakeholders and facilitate the development of best practices for operating recovery housing. Authorized under the 2018 Substance Use-Disorder Prevention that Promotes Opioid Recovery and Treatment (SUPPORT) Act, these best practices may include model laws that seek to prevent relapse and overdose (including greater access to MAT), as well as the development of indicators that could be used to identify fraudulent recovery housing operators.

SAFE Project has compiled and maintained a list of the current legislation in regards to recovery housing by state. Please find the Excel sheet here. If you have any updates, please email us at (insert appropriate email address here).