Improve Reentry After Incarceration
Introductory Paragraph
This objective focuses specifically on improving the transition back into society for people with an SUD who have spent time incarcerated. People who are returning to society are at a high risk to overdose and die because their tolerance to opioids is lower and taking the amount of opioids they have previously taken can lead to overdose and death. There are many steps that should be taken to help people move foreward with successful recovery rather than returning to using opioids and the higher chance of overdose.
- More than 50 percent of graduates of many prison treatment programs relapse within 12 months.[1]
- Upon release from jail or prison, many people with mental or substance use disorders continue to lack access to services and, too often, become enmeshed in a cycle of costly justice system involvement[2]
- An estimated 10-15 percent of the total state and federal prison population, approximately 200,000 people, are estimated to currently or historically have struggled with opioid dependence or abuse.[3]
- A study in Massachusetts showed that people with an OUD who were released from prison were up to 120 times more likely to die than ??? (Get details. Healthcare for the Homeless presentation)
Key Information
Individuals with mental and substance use disorders involved with the criminal justice system can face many obstacles after incarceration while reintegrating into society. These obstacles may include challenges with access to health care, relative job skills, education, housing instability, and a lack of connection within the community. The lack of support and obstacles could increase hardships with recovery and facilitate an increased relapse with SUD putting them back into the criminal justice systems.[4]
Potential Benefits
Economic Benefits of People Remaining Substance-Free and Crime-Free after Re-entry
A CASA Columbia report focused on 1996 to 2006 and "found that only 11% of all inmates with addiction received any treatment during their incarceration. The report found that if all inmates who needed treatment and aftercare received such services, the nation would break even in a year if just over 10% remained substance-free, crime-free and employed. Thereafter, for each former inmate who remained substance-free, crime-free and employed, the nation would reap an economic benefit of $90,953 per year."[5]
Relevant Research
In this section, please capture any recent findings, reports, or data on the topic. Please also highlight any gaps or existing disparities. Please include references and links to the information so that we may add a footnote for the reader to find further information. Do we have any available research about discriminatory practices? Is there information about the value of access to educational opportunities?
Impactful Federal, State, and Local Policies
50-State Comparison: Limits on Use of Criminal Record in Employment, Licensing & Housing[6] Federal and State summaries with legal citations.
The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT) Offender Reentry Program (ORP) grants[7]
Available Tools and Resources
SAMHSA Re-Entry Resources A Guide for Individuals, Providers, Communities and States.[8]
Continuity of Offender Treatment for Substance Use Disorder from Institution to Community[9] This guide provides quick tips including guidance for substance use disorder treatment clinicians and case workers on how to assist offenders in the transition from the criminal justice system to life after release.
Working with Vocational Rehab Customers with Criminal Backgrounds[10]
What Works in Reentry Clearinghouse -What Works in Reentry Clearinghouse, a “one-stop shop” for research on the effectiveness of a wide variety of reentry programs and practices.[11]
Promising Practices
Rhode Island Program to divert Individuals with Substance Use Disorders from Incarceration and into Treatment[12] Federal grant will help divert people dealing with addiction to treatment rather than jail.
Program Profile: Community Mediation Maryland Re-Entry Mediation[13]The Community Mediation Maryland Re-entry Mediation (CMM) program is focused on building strong community relationships to support reentry of inmates into the community after they are released from prison.
Sources
- ↑ [1]Inciardi, J. A., MartIn, S. S., & ButzIn, C. A. (2004). Five-Year Outcomes of Therapeutic Community Treatment of Drug-Involved Offenders after Release from Prison. Crime & Delinquency, 50(1), 88–107. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128703258874
- ↑ [2]The Revolving Door of American’s Prisons.(2011). State of Recidivism, Retrieved December 5, 2019, from http://pew.org/1SIW19g
- ↑ [3]Mumola, C. J., & Karberg, J. C. (2006). Drug Use and Dependence, State and Federal Prisoners, 2004: (560272006-001) [Data set]. https://doi.org/10.1037/e560272006-001
- ↑ https://tacqe.com/reentry-resources/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=reentry-resources
- ↑ Substance Abuse & America’s Prison Population 2010 | Center on Addiction. (n.d.). Retrieved December 5, 2019, from https://www.centeronaddiction.org/addiction-research/reports/behind-bars-ii-substance-abuse-and-america%E2%80%99s-prison-population
- ↑ https://ccresourcecenter.org/state-restoration-profiles/50-state-comparisoncomparison-of-criminal-records-in-licensing-and-employment/
- ↑ https://www.samhsa.gov/grants/grant-announcements/ti-15-012
- ↑ https://www.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/topics/criminal_juvenile_justice/reentry-resources-for-consumers-providers-communities-states.pdf
- ↑ https://store.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/d7/priv/sma15-3594.pdf
- ↑ https://tacqe.com/wp-content/uploads/eri-files/slides_VR-customers-with-criminal-backgrounds_2022_03-18ac.pdf
- ↑ https://whatworks.csgjusticecenter.org/
- ↑ https://opioidresponsenetwork.org/News/RIDiversionProgram.aspx
- ↑ https://crimesolutions.ojp.gov/ratedprograms/528